Choosing Bio Fuel and bio Diesel
Aug
24
Bio fuel is ethanol used as a substitute for petrol. It’s usually made from sugar beet, sugar cane, or maize and is widely used in places such as Brazil. In the UK, biofuel is usually mixed with petrol rather than used as a complete substitute for petrol. There’s more information in the next section, ‘Mixing it up’. Using pure ethanol instead of petrol cuts carbon emissions by about 13 per cent, taking into account the carbon released during the production process and the fact that cars running on ethanol get 70 per cent of the mileage of a petrol car.
Biodiesel is made from various plant oils and is the preferred compromise fuel for diesel engines. Made from vegetable oils or animal fats mixed with an alcohol-like substance like methanol, most biodiesels are currently mixed with regular diesel (usually 20 per cent biodiesel) so as they can be used in current diesel engines without modification. You can put 100 per cent biodiesel in a diesel engine and the engine will work and produce substantially fewer emissions (up to three-quarters of a normal diesel vehicle), but doing so without modifying your car can cause damage to the engine. You may be able to have your own car converted to run on the greener fuels, especially if your current car uses diesel fuel.
The UK aims that biofuel will make up 5 per cent of transport fuels by 2010 and European Union rules say that conventional fuels have to be mixed with biofuels and it aims that they should account for 5.75 per cent of transport fuels by 2010. Demand around the world for biofuel is growing at 25 per cent each year.
Biofuel and biodiesel are often hailed as the perfect clean green fuel. But those oils come from plants that require a lot of land. In some areas, including parts of South America and South-East Asia, natural forests, including tropical rainforests, have been cleared in order to grow crops like maize, sugar, palm trees, and soya that produce the oil to convert to biofuel and biodiesel, pushing prices up.
As demand for biofuel increases, so will the destruction of natural forests unless the fuel manufacturers make sure that the crops used for biofuels are grown in a sustainable way — using quick-growing trees on land that isn’t needed for food and doesn’t have to be cleared of natural forests.
Various stories are published in the press about drivers running their cars on cooking oil mixed with methanol at home, creating a cheap home-made car fuel. Don’t forget you still have to pay fuel duty on this home-made mix!
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